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Merge pull request #5553 from squidfunk/docs/math
Update math documentation
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docs/reference/math.md
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198
docs/reference/math.md
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---
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icon: material/alphabet-greek
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---
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# Math
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[MathJax] and [KaTeX] are two popular libraries for displaying
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mathematical content in browsers. Although both libraries offer similar
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functionality, they use different syntaxes and have different configuration
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options. This documentation site provides information on how to integrate them
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with Material for MkDocs easily.
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[MathJax]: https://www.mathjax.org/
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[LaTeX]: https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Mathematics
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[MathML]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MathML
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[AsciiMath]: http://asciimath.org/
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[KaTeX]: https://katex.org/
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## Configuration
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The following configuration enables support for rendering block and
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inline block equations using [MathJax] and [KaTeX].
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### MathJax
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[MathJax] is a powerful and flexible library that supports multiple input formats,
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such as [LaTeX], [MathML], [AsciiMath], as well as various output formats like
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HTML, SVG, MathML. To use MathJax within your project, add the following lines
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to your `mkdocs.yml`.
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=== ":octicons-file-code-16: `docs/javascripts/mathjax.js`"
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``` js
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window.MathJax = {
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tex: {
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inlineMath: [["\\(", "\\)"]],
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displayMath: [["\\[", "\\]"]],
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processEscapes: true,
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processEnvironments: true
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},
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options: {
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ignoreHtmlClass: ".*|",
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processHtmlClass: "arithmatex"
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}
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};
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document$.subscribe(() => { // (1)!
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MathJax.typesetPromise()
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})
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```
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1. This integrates MathJax with [instant loading].
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=== ":octicons-file-code-16: `mkdocs.yml`"
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``` yaml
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markdown_extensions:
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- pymdownx.arithmatex:
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generic: true
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extra_javascript:
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- javascripts/mathjax.js
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- https://polyfill.io/v3/polyfill.min.js?features=es6
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- https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-mml-chtml.js
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```
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See additional configuration options:
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- [Arithmatex]
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[Arithmatex]: ../setup/extensions/python-markdown-extensions.md#arithmatex
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[instant loading]: ../setup/setting-up-navigation.md#instant-loading
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### KaTeX
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[KaTeX] is a lightweight library that focuses on speed and simplicity. It
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supports a subset of LaTeX syntax and can render math to HTML and SVG. To use
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[KaTeX] within your project, add the following lines to your `mkdocs.yml`.
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=== ":octicons-file-code-16: `docs/javascripts/katex.js`"
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``` js
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document$.subscribe(({ body }) => { // (1)!
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renderMathInElement(body, {
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delimiters: [
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{ left: "$$", right: "$$", display: true },
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{ left: "$", right: "$", display: false },
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{ left: "\\(", right: "\\)", display: false },
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{ left: "\\[", right: "\\]", display: true }
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],
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})
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})
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```
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1. This integrates KaTeX with [instant loading].
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=== ":octicons-file-code-16: `mkdocs.yml`"
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``` yaml
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extra_javascript:
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- javascripts/katex.js
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- https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.16.7/katex.min.js # (1)!
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- https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.16.7/contrib/auto-render.min.js
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extra_css:
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- https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/KaTeX/0.16.7/katex.min.css
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```
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1. Alternatively, you can add these JavaScript and CSS files via `script` tags by overriding HTML files.
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<script src="https://polyfill.io/v3/polyfill.min.js?features=es6"></script>
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<script id="MathJax-script" async src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-mml-chtml.js"></script>
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<script>
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window.MathJax = {
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tex: {
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inlineMath: [["\\(", "\\)"]],
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displayMath: [["\\[", "\\]"]],
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processEscapes: true,
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processEnvironments: true
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},
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options: {
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ignoreHtmlClass: ".*|",
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processHtmlClass: "arithmatex"
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}
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};
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</script>
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## Usage
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### Using block syntax
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Blocks must be enclosed in `#!latex $$...$$` or `#!latex \[...\]` on separate
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lines:
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``` latex title="block syntax"
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$$
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\operatorname{ker} f=\{g\in G:f(g)=e_{H}\}{\mbox{.}}
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$$
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```
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<div class="result" markdown>
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$$
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\operatorname{ker} f=\{g\in G:f(g)=e_{H}\}{\mbox{.}}
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$$
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</div>
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### Using inline block syntax
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Inline blocks must be enclosed in `#!latex $...$` or `#!latex \(...\)`:
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``` latex title="inline syntax"
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The homomorphism $f$ is injective if and only if its kernel is only the
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singleton set $e_G$, because otherwise $\exists a,b\in G$ with $a\neq b$ such
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that $f(a)=f(b)$.
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```
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<div class="result" markdown>
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The homomorphism $f$ is injective if and only if its kernel is only the
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singleton set $e_G$, because otherwise $\exists a,b\in G$ with $a\neq b$ such
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that $f(a)=f(b)$.
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</div>
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## Comparing MathJax and KaTeX
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When deciding between MathJax and KaTeX, there are several key factors to
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consider:
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- __Speed__: KaTeX is generally faster than MathJax. If your site requires rendering large
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quantities of complex equations quickly, KaTeX may be the better choice.
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- __Syntax Support__: MathJax supports a wider array of LaTeX commands and can
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process a variety of mathematical markup languages (like AsciiMath and MathML).
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If you need advanced LaTeX features, MathJax may be more suitable.
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- __Output Format__: Both libraries support HTML and SVG outputs. However,
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MathJax also offers MathML output, which can be essential for accessibility, as
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it is readable by screen readers.
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- __Configurability__: MathJax provides a range of configuration options,
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allowing for more precise control over its behavior. If you have specific
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rendering requirements, MathJax might be a more flexible choice.
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- __Browser Support__: While both libraries work well in modern browsers,
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MathJax has broader compatibility with older browsers. If your audience uses a
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variety of browsers, including older ones, MathJax might be a safer option.
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In summary, KaTeX shines with its speed and simplicity, whereas MathJax offers
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more features and better compatibility at the expense of speed. The choice
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between the two will largely depend on your specific needs and constraints.
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@ -1,120 +0,0 @@
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---
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icon: material/alphabet-greek
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---
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# MathJax
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[MathJax] is a beautiful and accessible way to display mathematical content
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in the browser, adds support for mathematical typesetting in different notations
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(e.g. [LaTeX], [MathML], [AsciiMath]), and can be easily integrated with
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Material for MkDocs.
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[MathJax]: https://www.mathjax.org/
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[LaTeX]: https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Mathematics
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[MathML]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MathML
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[AsciiMath]: http://asciimath.org/
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## Configuration
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This configuration enables support for rendering block and inline block
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equations through [MathJax]. Create a configuration file and add the following
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lines to `mkdocs.yml`:
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=== ":octicons-file-code-16: `docs/javascripts/mathjax.js`"
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``` js
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window.MathJax = {
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tex: {
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inlineMath: [["\\(", "\\)"]],
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displayMath: [["\\[", "\\]"]],
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processEscapes: true,
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processEnvironments: true
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},
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options: {
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ignoreHtmlClass: ".*|",
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processHtmlClass: "arithmatex"
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}
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};
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document$.subscribe(() => { // (1)!
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MathJax.typesetPromise()
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})
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```
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1. This integrates MathJax with [instant loading].
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=== ":octicons-file-code-16: `mkdocs.yml`"
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``` yaml
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markdown_extensions:
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- pymdownx.arithmatex:
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generic: true
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extra_javascript:
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- javascripts/mathjax.js
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- https://polyfill.io/v3/polyfill.min.js?features=es6
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- https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-mml-chtml.js
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```
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See additional configuration options:
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- [Arithmatex]
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[Arithmatex]: ../setup/extensions/python-markdown-extensions.md#arithmatex
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[instant loading]: ../setup/setting-up-navigation.md#instant-loading
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<script src="https://polyfill.io/v3/polyfill.min.js?features=es6"></script>
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<script id="MathJax-script" async src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/mathjax@3/es5/tex-mml-chtml.js"></script>
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<script>
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window.MathJax = {
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tex: {
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inlineMath: [["\\(", "\\)"]],
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displayMath: [["\\[", "\\]"]],
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processEscapes: true,
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processEnvironments: true
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},
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options: {
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ignoreHtmlClass: ".*|",
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processHtmlClass: "arithmatex"
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}
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};
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</script>
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## Usage
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### Using block syntax
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Blocks must be enclosed in `#!latex $$...$$` or `#!latex \[...\]` on separate
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lines:
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``` latex title="MathJax, block syntax"
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$$
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\operatorname{ker} f=\{g\in G:f(g)=e_{H}\}{\mbox{.}}
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$$
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```
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<div class="result" markdown>
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$$
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\operatorname{ker} f=\{g\in G:f(g)=e_{H}\}{\mbox{.}}
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$$
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</div>
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### Using inline block syntax
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Inline blocks must be enclosed in `#!latex $...$` or `#!latex \(...\)`:
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``` latex title="MathJax, inline syntax"
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The homomorphism $f$ is injective if and only if its kernel is only the
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singleton set $e_G$, because otherwise $\exists a,b\in G$ with $a\neq b$ such
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that $f(a)=f(b)$.
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```
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<div class="result" markdown>
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The homomorphism $f$ is injective if and only if its kernel is only the
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singleton set $e_G$, because otherwise $\exists a,b\in G$ with $a\neq b$ such
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that $f(a)=f(b)$.
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</div>
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@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ nav:
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- Icons, Emojis: reference/icons-emojis.md
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- Images: reference/images.md
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- Lists: reference/lists.md
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- MathJax: reference/mathjax.md
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- Math: reference/math.md
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- Tooltips: reference/tooltips.md
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- Insiders:
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- insiders/index.md
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