mkdocs-material/material/plugins/blog/plugin.py

# Copyright (c) 2016-2023 Martin Donath <martin.donath@squidfunk.com>

# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
# deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
# rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
# sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
# FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
# IN THE SOFTWARE.

from __future__ import annotations

import logging
import os
import posixpath
import yaml

from babel.dates import format_date
from datetime import datetime
from mkdocs.config.defaults import MkDocsConfig
from mkdocs.exceptions import PluginError
from mkdocs.plugins import BasePlugin, event_priority
from mkdocs.structure import StructureItem
from mkdocs.structure.files import File, Files, InclusionLevel
from mkdocs.structure.nav import Navigation, Section
from mkdocs.structure.pages import Page
from mkdocs.utils import copy_file, get_relative_url
from paginate import Page as Pagination
from shutil import rmtree
from tempfile import mkdtemp
from yaml import SafeLoader

from .author import Authors
from .config import BlogConfig
from .readtime import readtime
from .structure import Archive, Category, Excerpt, Post, View
from .templates import url_filter

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Classes
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Blog plugin
class BlogPlugin(BasePlugin[BlogConfig]):
    supports_multiple_instances = True

    # Initialize plugin
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        # Initialize incremental builds
        self.is_serve = False
        self.is_dirty = False

        # Initialize temporary directory
        self.temp_dir = mkdtemp()

    # Determine whether we're serving the site
    def on_startup(self, *, command, dirty):
        self.is_serve = command == "serve"
        self.is_dirty = dirty

    # Initialize authors and set defaults
    def on_config(self, config):
        if not self.config.enabled:
            return

        # Initialize entrypoint
        self.blog: View

        # Initialize and resolve authors, if enabled
        if self.config.authors:
            self.authors = self._resolve_authors(config)

        # Initialize table of contents settings
        if not isinstance(self.config.archive_toc, bool):
            self.config.archive_toc = self.config.blog_toc
        if not isinstance(self.config.categories_toc, bool):
            self.config.categories_toc = self.config.blog_toc

        # By default, drafts are rendered when the documentation is served,
        # but not when it is built, for a better user experience
        if self.is_serve and self.config.draft_on_serve:
            self.config.draft = True

    # Resolve and load posts and generate views (run later) - we want to allow
    # other plugins to add generated posts or views, so we run this plugin as
    # late as possible. We also need to remove the posts from the navigation
    # before navigation is constructed, as the entrypoint should be considered
    # to be the active page for each post. The URLs of posts are computed before
    # Markdown processing, so that when linking to and from posts, behavior is
    # exactly the same as with regular documentation pages. We create all pages
    # related to posts as part of this plugin, so we control the entire process.
    @event_priority(-50)
    def on_files(self, files, *, config):
        if not self.config.enabled:
            return

        # Resolve path to entrypoint and site directory
        root = posixpath.normpath(self.config.blog_dir)
        site = config.site_dir

        # Compute path to posts directory
        path = self.config.post_dir.format(blog = root)
        path = posixpath.normpath(path)

        # Adjust destination paths for media files
        for file in files.media_files():
            if not file.src_uri.startswith(path):
                continue

            # We need to adjust destination paths for assets to remove the
            # purely functional posts directory prefix when building
            file.dest_uri      = file.dest_uri.replace(path, root)
            file.abs_dest_path = os.path.join(site, file.dest_path)
            file.url           = file.url.replace(path, root)

        # Resolve entrypoint and posts sorted by descending date - if the posts
        # directory or entrypoint do not exist, they are automatically created
        self.blog = self._resolve(files, config)
        self.blog.posts = sorted(
            self._resolve_posts(files, config),
            key = lambda post: post.config.date.created,
            reverse = True
        )

        # Temporarily remove posts from navigation
        for post in self.blog.posts:
            post.file.inclusion = InclusionLevel.EXCLUDED

        # Generate views for archive
        if self.config.archive:
            views = self._generate_archive(config, files)
            self.blog.views.extend(views)

        # Generate views for categories
        if self.config.categories:
            views = self._generate_categories(config, files)
            self.blog.views.extend(views)

        # Generate pages for views
        if self.config.pagination:
            for view in self._resolve_views(self.blog):
                for page in self._generate_pages(view, config, files):
                    page.file.inclusion = InclusionLevel.EXCLUDED
                    view.pages.append(page)

        # Ensure that entrypoint is always included in navigation
        self.blog.file.inclusion = InclusionLevel.INCLUDED

    # Attach posts and views to navigation (run later) - again, we allow other
    # plugins to alter the navigation before we start to attach posts and views
    # generated by this plugin at the correct locations in the navigation. Also,
    # we make sure to correct links to the parent and siblings of each page.
    @event_priority(-50)
    def on_nav(self, nav, *, config, files):
        if not self.config.enabled:
            return

        # Hack: since MkDocs will always create a page for the entrypoint even
        # though we already created it in `on_files`, we must replace the page
        # that MkDocs created with the entrypoint we already have on our hands.
        # Hopefully, this hack can be removed soon - see https://t.ly/9nehI
        page = self.blog.file.page
        self._attach_at(page.parent, page, self.blog)

        # Hack: update page instances in navigation - this can also be removed
        # once an already open pull request is merged - see https://t.ly/9C_Kz
        for page in [self.blog, *self.blog.posts, *self.blog.views]:
            assert isinstance(page, Page)

            # Check if the page that we generated is identical to the page that
            # is associated with the file - if it is, we're good
            temp = page.file.page
            if not temp or temp == page:
                continue

            # If not, MkDocs overwrote our page with a new instance, which we
            # need to replace with the one we generated
            page.file.page = page
            for items in [self._resolve_siblings(page, nav), nav.pages]:
                items[items.index(temp)] = page

        # Attach posts to entrypoint without adding them to the navigation, so
        # that the entrypoint is considered to be the active page for each post
        self._attach(self.blog, [None, *reversed(self.blog.posts), None])
        for post in self.blog.posts:
            post.file.inclusion = InclusionLevel.NOT_IN_NAV

        # Revert temporary exclusion of views from navigation
        for view in self._resolve_views(self.blog):
            for page in view.pages:
                page.file.inclusion = InclusionLevel.INCLUDED

        # Attach views for archive
        if self.config.archive:
            title = self._translate(self.config.archive_name, config)
            views = [_ for _ in self.blog.views if isinstance(_, Archive)]

            # Attach and link views for archive
            self._attach_to(self.blog, Section(title, views), nav)

        # Attach views for categories
        if self.config.categories:
            title = self._translate(self.config.categories_name, config)
            views = [_ for _ in self.blog.views if isinstance(_, Category)]

            # Attach and link views for categories, if any
            if views:
                self._attach_to(self.blog, Section(title, views), nav)

        # Attach pages for views
        if self.config.pagination:
            for view in self._resolve_views(self.blog):
                for at in range(1, len(view.pages)):
                    self._attach_at(view.parent, view, view.pages[at])

    # Prepare post for rendering (run later) - allow other plugins to alter
    # the contents or metadata of a post before it is rendered and make sure
    # that the post includes a separator, which is essential for rendering
    # excerpts that should be included in views
    @event_priority(-50)
    def on_page_markdown(self, markdown, *, page, config, files):
        if not self.config.enabled:
            return

        # Skip if page is not a post managed by this instance - this plugin has
        # support for multiple instances, which is why this check is necessary
        if page not in self.blog.posts:
            if not self.config.pagination:
                return

            # We set the contents of the view to its title if pagination should
            # not keep the content of the original view on paginated views
            if not self.config.pagination_keep_content:
                view = self._resolve_original(page)
                if view in self._resolve_views(self.blog):

                    # If the current view is paginated, use the rendered title
                    # of the original view in case the author set the title in
                    # the page's contents, or it would be overridden with the
                    # one set in mkdocs.yml, leading to inconsistent headings
                    assert isinstance(view, View)
                    if view != page:
                        name = view._title_from_render or view.title
                        return f"# {name}"

            # Nothing more to be done for views
            return

        # Extract and assign authors to post, if enabled
        if self.config.authors:
            for name in page.config.authors:
                if name not in self.authors:
                    raise PluginError(f"Couldn't find author '{name}'")

                # Append to list of authors
                page.authors.append(self.authors[name])

        # Extract settings for excerpts
        separator      = self.config.post_excerpt_separator
        max_authors    = self.config.post_excerpt_max_authors
        max_categories = self.config.post_excerpt_max_categories

        # Ensure presence of separator and throw, if its absent and required -
        # we append the separator to the end of the contents of the post, if it
        # is not already present, so we can remove footnotes or other content
        # from the excerpt without affecting the content of the excerpt
        if separator not in page.markdown:
            path = page.file.src_path
            if self.config.post_excerpt == "required":
                raise PluginError(
                    f"Couldn't find '{separator}' separator in '{path}'"
                )
            else:
                page.markdown += f"\n\n{separator}"

        # Create excerpt for post and inherit authors and categories - excerpts
        # can contain a subset of the authors and categories of the post
        page.excerpt            = Excerpt(page, config, files)
        page.excerpt.authors    = page.authors[:max_authors]
        page.excerpt.categories = page.categories[:max_categories]

    # Process posts
    def on_page_content(self, html, *, page, config, files):
        if not self.config.enabled:
            return

        # Skip if page is not a post managed by this instance - this plugin has
        # support for multiple instances, which is why this check is necessary
        if page not in self.blog.posts:
            return

        # Compute readtime of post, if enabled and not explicitly set
        if self.config.post_readtime:
            words_per_minute = self.config.post_readtime_words_per_minute
            if not page.config.readtime:
                page.config.readtime = readtime(html, words_per_minute)

    # Register template filters for plugin
    def on_env(self, env, *, config, files):
        if not self.config.enabled:
            return

        # Filter for formatting dates related to posts
        def date_filter(date: datetime):
            return self._format_date_for_post(date, config)

        # Register custom template filters
        env.filters["date"] = date_filter
        env.filters["url"]  = url_filter

    # Prepare view for rendering (run latest) - views are rendered last, as we
    # need to mutate the navigation to account for pagination. The main problem
    # is that we need to replace the view in the navigation, because otherwise
    # the view would not be considered active.
    @event_priority(-100)
    def on_page_context(self, context, *, page, config, nav):
        if not self.config.enabled:
            return

        # Skip if page is not a view managed by this instance - this plugin has
        # support for multiple instances, which is why this check is necessary
        view = self._resolve_original(page)
        if view not in self._resolve_views(self.blog):
            return

        # If the current view is paginated, replace and rewire it - the current
        # view temporarily becomes the main view, and is reset after rendering
        assert isinstance(view, View)
        if view != page:
            prev = view.pages[view.pages.index(page) - 1]

            # Replace previous page with current page
            items = self._resolve_siblings(view, nav)
            items[items.index(prev)] = page

        # Render excerpts and prepare pagination
        posts, pagination = self._render(page)

        # Render pagination links
        def pager(args: object):
            return pagination.pager(
                format = self.config.pagination_format,
                show_if_single_page = self.config.pagination_if_single_page,
                **args
            )

        # Assign posts and pagination to context
        context["posts"]      = posts
        context["pagination"] = pager if pagination else None

    # After rendering a paginated view, replace the URL of the paginated view
    # with the URL of the original view - since we need to replace the original
    # view with a paginated view in `on_page_context` for correct resolution of
    # the active state, we must fix the paginated view URLs after rendering
    def on_post_page(self, output, *, page, config):
        if not self.config.enabled:
            return

        # Skip if page is not a view managed by this instance - this plugin has
        # support for multiple instances, which is why this check is necessary
        view = self._resolve_original(page)
        if view not in self._resolve_views(self.blog):
            return

        # If the current view is paginated, replace the URL of the paginated
        # view with the URL of the original view - see https://t.ly/Yeh-P
        assert isinstance(view, View)
        if view != page:
            page.file.url = view.file.url

    # Remove temporary directory on shutdown
    def on_shutdown(self):
        rmtree(self.temp_dir)

    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # Check if the given post is excluded
    def _is_excluded(self, post: Post):
        if self.config.draft:
            return False

        # If a post was not explicitly marked or unmarked as draft, and the
        # date should be taken into account, we automatically mark it as draft
        # if the publishing date is in the future. This, of course, is opt-in
        # and must be explicitly enabled by the author.
        if not isinstance(post.config.draft, bool):
            if self.config.draft_if_future_date:
                return post.config.date.created > datetime.now()

        # Post might be a draft
        return bool(post.config.draft)

    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # Resolve entrypoint - the entrypoint of the blog must have been created
    # if it did not exist before, and hosts all posts sorted by descending date
    def _resolve(self, files: Files, config: MkDocsConfig):
        path = os.path.join(self.config.blog_dir, "index.md")
        path = os.path.normpath(path)

        # Create entrypoint, if it does not exist - note that the entrypoint is
        # created in the docs directory, not in the temporary directory
        docs = os.path.relpath(config.docs_dir)
        name = os.path.join(docs, path)
        if not os.path.isfile(name):
            file = self._path_to_file(path, config, temp = False)
            files.append(file)

            # Create file in docs directory
            self._save_to_file(file.abs_src_path, "# Blog\n\n")

        # Create and return entrypoint
        file = files.get_file_from_path(path)
        return View(None, file, config)

    # Resolve post - the caller must make sure that the given file points to an
    # actual post (and not a page), or behavior might be unpredictable
    def _resolve_post(self, file: File, config: MkDocsConfig):
        post = Post(file, config)

        # Compute path and create a temporary file for path resolution
        path = self._format_path_for_post(post, config)
        temp = self._path_to_file(path, config, temp = False)

        # Replace destination file system path and URL
        file.dest_uri      = temp.dest_uri
        file.abs_dest_path = temp.abs_dest_path
        file.url           = temp.url

        # Replace canonical URL and return post
        post._set_canonical_url(config.site_url)
        return post

    # Resolve posts from directory - traverse all documentation pages and filter
    # and yield those that are located in the posts directory
    def _resolve_posts(self, files: Files, config: MkDocsConfig):
        path = self.config.post_dir.format(blog = self.config.blog_dir)
        path = os.path.normpath(path)

        # Create posts directory, if it does not exist
        docs = os.path.relpath(config.docs_dir)
        name = os.path.join(docs, path)
        if not os.path.isdir(name):
            os.makedirs(name, exist_ok = True)

        # Filter posts from pages
        for file in files.documentation_pages():
            if not file.src_path.startswith(path):
                continue

            # Resolve post - in order to determine whether a post should be
            # excluded, we must load it and analyze its metadata. All posts
            # marked as drafts are excluded, except for when the author has
            # configured drafts to be included in the navigation.
            post = self._resolve_post(file, config)
            if not self._is_excluded(post):
                yield post

    # Resolve authors - check if there's an authors file at the configured
    # location, and if one was found, load and validate it
    def _resolve_authors(self, config: MkDocsConfig):
        path = self.config.authors_file.format(blog = self.config.blog_dir)
        path = os.path.normpath(path)

        # Resolve path relative to docs directory
        docs = os.path.relpath(config.docs_dir)
        file = os.path.join(docs, path)

        # If the authors file does not exist, return here
        config: Authors = Authors()
        if not os.path.isfile(file):
            return config.authors

        # Open file and parse as YAML
        with open(file, encoding = "utf-8") as f:
            config.config_file_path = os.path.abspath(file)
            try:
                config.load_dict(yaml.load(f, SafeLoader) or {})

            # The authors file could not be loaded because of a syntax error,
            # which we display to the author with a nice error message
            except Exception as e:
                raise PluginError(
                    f"Error reading authors file '{path}' in '{docs}':\n"
                    f"{e}"
                )

        # Validate authors and throw if errors occurred
        errors, warnings = config.validate()
        if not config.authors and warnings:
            log.warning(
                f"Action required: the format of the authors file changed.\n"
                f"All authors must now be located under the 'authors' key.\n"
                f"Please adjust '{file}' to match:\n"
                f"\n"
                f"authors:\n"
                f"  squidfunk:\n"
                f"    avatar: https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/932156\n"
                f"    description: Creator\n"
                f"    name: Martin Donath\n"
                f"\n"
            )
        for _, w in warnings:
            log.warning(w)
        for _, e in errors:
            raise PluginError(
                f"Error reading authors file '{path}' in '{docs}':\n"
                f"{e}"
            )

        # Return authors
        return config.authors

    # Resolve views of the given view in pre-order
    def _resolve_views(self, view: View):
        yield view

        # Resolve views recursively
        for page in view.views:
            for next in self._resolve_views(page):
                assert isinstance(next, View)
                yield next

    # Resolve siblings of a navigation item
    def _resolve_siblings(self, item: StructureItem, nav: Navigation):
        if isinstance(item.parent, Section):
            return item.parent.children
        else:
            return nav.items

    # Resolve original page or view (e.g. for paginated views)
    def _resolve_original(self, page: Page):
        if isinstance(page, View):
            return page.pages[0]
        else:
            return page

    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # Generate views for archive - analyze posts and generate the necessary
    # views, taking the date format provided by the author into account
    def _generate_archive(self, config: MkDocsConfig, files: Files):
        for post in self.blog.posts:
            date = post.config.date.created

            # Compute name and path of archive view
            name = self._format_date_for_archive(date, config)
            path = self._format_path_for_archive(post, config)

            # Create file for view, if it does not exist
            file = files.get_file_from_path(path)
            if not file or self.temp_dir not in file.abs_src_path:
                file = self._path_to_file(path, config)
                files.append(file)

                # Create file in temporary directory
                self._save_to_file(file.abs_src_path, f"# {name}")

            # Create and yield view - we don't explicitly set the title of
            # the view, so authors can override them in the page's content
            if not isinstance(file.page, Archive):
                yield Archive(None, file, config)

            # Assign post to archive
            assert isinstance(file.page, Archive)
            file.page.posts.append(post)

    # Generate views for categories - analyze posts and generate the necessary
    # views, taking the allowed categories as set by the author into account
    def _generate_categories(self, config: MkDocsConfig, files: Files):
        for post in self.blog.posts:
            for name in post.config.categories:
                path = self._format_path_for_category(name)

                # Ensure category is in non-empty allow list
                categories = self.config.categories_allowed or [name]
                if name not in categories:
                    docs = os.path.relpath(config.docs_dir)
                    path = os.path.relpath(post.file.abs_src_path, docs)
                    raise PluginError(
                        f"Error reading categories of post '{path}' in "
                        f"'{docs}': category '{name}' not in allow list"
                    )

                # Create file for view, if it does not exist
                file = files.get_file_from_path(path)
                if not file or self.temp_dir not in file.abs_src_path:
                    file = self._path_to_file(path, config)
                    files.append(file)

                    # Create file in temporary directory
                    self._save_to_file(file.abs_src_path, f"# {name}")

                # Create and yield view - we don't explicitly set the title of
                # the view, so authors can override them in the page's content
                if not isinstance(file.page, Category):
                    yield Category(None, file, config)

                # Assign post to category and vice versa
                assert isinstance(file.page, Category)
                file.page.posts.append(post)
                post.categories.append(file.page)

    # Generate pages for pagination - analyze view and generate the necessary
    # pages, creating a chain of views for simple rendering and replacement
    def _generate_pages(self, view: View, config: MkDocsConfig, files: Files):
        yield view

        # Compute base path for pagination - if the given view is an index file,
        # we need to pop the file name from the base so it's not part of the URL
        base, _ = posixpath.splitext(view.file.src_uri)
        if view.file.name == "index":
            base = posixpath.dirname(base)

        # Compute pagination boundaries and create pages - pages are internally
        # handled as copies of a view, as they map to the same source location
        step = self.config.pagination_per_page
        for at in range(step, len(view.posts), step):
            path = self._format_path_for_pagination(base, 1 + at // step)

            # Create file for view, if it does not exist
            file = files.get_file_from_path(path)
            if not file or self.temp_dir not in file.abs_src_path:
                file = self._path_to_file(path, config)
                files.append(file)

                # Copy file to temporary directory
                copy_file(view.file.abs_src_path, file.abs_src_path)

            # Create view and attach to previous page
            if not isinstance(file.page, View):
                yield View(None, file, config)

            # Assign pages and posts to view
            assert isinstance(file.page, View)
            file.page.pages = view.pages
            file.page.posts = view.posts

    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # Attach a list of pages to each other and to the given parent item without
    # explicitly adding them to the navigation, which can be done by the caller
    def _attach(self, parent: StructureItem, pages: list[Page]):
        for tail, page, head in zip(pages, pages[1:], pages[2:]):

            # Link page to parent and siblings
            page.parent        = parent
            page.previous_page = tail
            page.next_page     = head

            # If the page is a view, we know that we generated it and need to
            # link its siblings back to the view
            if isinstance(page, View):
                view = self._resolve_original(page)
                if tail: tail.next_page     = view
                if head: head.previous_page = view

    # Attach a page to the given parent and link it to the previous and next
    # page of the given host - this is exclusively used for paginated views
    def _attach_at(self, parent: StructureItem, host: Page, page: Page):
        self._attach(parent, [host.previous_page, page, host.next_page])

    # Attach a section as a sibling to the given view, make sure it's pages are
    # part of the navigation, and ensure all pages are linked correctly
    def _attach_to(self, view: View, section: Section, nav: Navigation):
        section.parent = view.parent

        # Resolve siblings, which are the children of the parent section, or
        # the top-level list of navigation items if the view is at the root of
        # the project, and append the given section to it. It's currently not
        # possible to chose the position of a section.
        items = self._resolve_siblings(view, nav)
        items.append(section)

        # Find last sibling that is a page, skipping sections, as we need to
        # append the given section after all other pages
        tail = next(item for item in reversed(items) if isinstance(item, Page))
        head = tail.next_page

        # Attach section to navigation and pages to each other
        nav.pages.extend(section.children)
        self._attach(section, [tail, *section.children, head])

    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # Render excerpts and pagination for the given view
    def _render(self, view: View):
        posts, pagination = view.posts, None

        # Create pagination, if enabled
        if self.config.pagination:
            at = view.pages.index(view)

            # Compute pagination boundaries
            step = self.config.pagination_per_page
            p, q = at * step, at * step + step

            # Extract posts in pagination boundaries
            posts = view.posts[p:q]
            pagination = self._render_pagination(view, (p, q))

        # Render excerpts for selected posts
        posts = [
            self._render_post(post.excerpt, view)
                for post in posts if post.excerpt
        ]

        # Return posts and pagination
        return posts, pagination

    # Render excerpt in the context of the given view
    def _render_post(self, excerpt: Excerpt, view: View):
        excerpt.render(view, self.config.post_excerpt_separator)

        # Determine whether to add posts to the table of contents of the view -
        # note that those settings can be changed individually for each type of
        # view, which is why we need to check the type of view and the table of
        # contents setting for that type of view
        toc = self.config.blog_toc
        if isinstance(view, Archive):
            toc = self.config.archive_toc
        if isinstance(view, Category):
            toc = self.config.categories_toc

        # Attach top-level table of contents item to view if it should be added
        # and both, the view and excerpt contain table of contents items
        if toc and excerpt.toc.items and view.toc.items:
            view.toc.items[0].children.append(excerpt.toc.items[0])

        # Return excerpt
        return excerpt

    # Create pagination for the given view and range
    def _render_pagination(self, view: View, range: tuple[int, int]):
        p, q = range

        # Create URL from the given page to another page
        def url_maker(n: int):
            return get_relative_url(view.pages[n - 1].url, view.url)

        # Return pagination
        return Pagination(
            view.posts, page = q // (q - p),
            items_per_page = q - p,
            url_maker = url_maker
        )

    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # Format path for post
    def _format_path_for_post(self, post: Post, config: MkDocsConfig):
        categories = post.config.categories[:self.config.post_url_max_categories]
        categories = [self._slugify_category(name) for name in categories]

        # Replace placeholders in format string
        date = post.config.date.created
        path = self.config.post_url_format.format(
            categories = "/".join(categories),
            date = self._format_date_for_post_url(date, config),
            file = post.file.name,
            slug = post.config.slug or self._slugify_post(post)
        )

        # Normalize path and strip slashes at the beginning and end
        path = posixpath.normpath(path.strip("/"))
        return posixpath.join(self.config.blog_dir, f"{path}.md")

    # Format path for archive
    def _format_path_for_archive(self, post: Post, config: MkDocsConfig):
        date = post.config.date.created
        path = self.config.archive_url_format.format(
            date = self._format_date_for_archive_url(date, config)
        )

        # Normalize path and strip slashes at the beginning and end
        path = posixpath.normpath(path.strip("/"))
        return posixpath.join(self.config.blog_dir, f"{path}.md")

    # Format path for category
    def _format_path_for_category(self, name: str):
        path = self.config.categories_url_format.format(
            slug = self._slugify_category(name)
        )

        # Normalize path and strip slashes at the beginning and end
        path = posixpath.normpath(path.strip("/"))
        return posixpath.join(self.config.blog_dir, f"{path}.md")

    # Format path for pagination
    def _format_path_for_pagination(self, base: str, page: int):
        path = self.config.pagination_url_format.format(
            page = page
        )

        # Normalize path and strip slashes at the beginning and end
        path = posixpath.normpath(path.strip("/"))
        return posixpath.join(base, f"{path}.md")

    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # Format date
    def _format_date(self, date: datetime, format: str, config: MkDocsConfig):
        locale = config.theme["language"]
        return format_date(date, format = format, locale = locale)

    # Format date for post
    def _format_date_for_post(self, date: datetime, config: MkDocsConfig):
        format = self.config.post_date_format
        return self._format_date(date, format, config)

    # Format date for post URL
    def _format_date_for_post_url(self, date: datetime, config: MkDocsConfig):
        format = self.config.post_url_date_format
        return self._format_date(date, format, config)

    # Format date for archive
    def _format_date_for_archive(self, date: datetime, config: MkDocsConfig):
        format = self.config.archive_date_format
        return self._format_date(date, format, config)

    # Format date for archive URL
    def _format_date_for_archive_url(self, date: datetime, config: MkDocsConfig):
        format = self.config.archive_url_date_format
        return self._format_date(date, format, config)

    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # Slugify post title
    def _slugify_post(self, post: Post):
        separator = self.config.post_slugify_separator
        return self.config.post_slugify(post.title, separator)

    # Slugify category
    def _slugify_category(self, name: str):
        separator = self.config.categories_slugify_separator
        return self.config.categories_slugify(name, separator)

    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # Create a file for the given path, which must point to a valid source file,
    # either inside the temporary directory or the docs directory
    def _path_to_file(self, path: str, config: MkDocsConfig, *, temp = True):
        assert path.endswith(".md")
        file = File(
            path,
            config.docs_dir if not temp else self.temp_dir,
            config.site_dir,
            config.use_directory_urls
        )

        # Hack: mark file as generated, so other plugins don't think it's part
        # of the file system. This is more or less a new quasi-standard that
        # still needs to be adopted by MkDocs, and was introduced by the
        # git-revision-date-localized-plugin - see https://bit.ly/3ZUmdBx
        if temp:
            file.generated_by = "material/blog"

        # Return file
        return file

    # Create a file with the given content on disk
    def _save_to_file(self, path: str, content: str):
        os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(path), exist_ok = True)
        with open(path, "w") as f:
            f.write(content)

    # -------------------------------------------------------------------------

    # Translate the placeholder referenced by the given key
    def _translate(self, key: str, config: MkDocsConfig) -> str:
        env = config.theme.get_env()
        template = env.get_template(
            "partials/language.html", globals = { "config": config }
        )

        # Translate placeholder
        return template.module.t(key)

# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Data
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Set up logging
log = logging.getLogger("mkdocs.material.blog")